Test Bank For An Introduction to the History of Psychology 7th Edition by B. R. Hergenhahn
Chapter_03
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Multiple Choice |
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1. Events following the death of Aristotle created a situation in which people sought: a. answers to questions concerning problems of everyday living b. the first principles or universals that underlie physical reality c. philosophical certainty d. a solution to Zeno’s paradox ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: Prologue |
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2. The main target of skepticism was dogmatism. A dogmatist is anyone who: a. equates essences with verbal definitions b. confuses names with real things c. claims to have arrived at an indisputable truth d. lives a life of excess instead of moderation ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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3. In general, ____ promotes a suspension of belief in anything and ____ promotes a retreat from society. a. cynicism; skepticism b. skepticism; cynicism c. epicureans; stoics d. stoics; epicureans ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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4. The Skeptics suggested that by ____, one could avoid the frustration of being wrong. a. arriving at one’s beliefs very carefully b. believing only in ideas held by the majority of people c. following one’s own natural impulses d. not believing in anything ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: conceptual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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5. What did the Skeptics use as their guide(s) for living? a. philosophical truth, feelings, and convention b. philosophical truth, sensations, and convention c. sensations, feelings, and philosophical truth d. sensations, feelings, and convention ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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6. Which statement is most consistent with a Cynic’s point of view? a. People need rules and regulations by which to live their lives. b. Anything natural is good. c. Courage in the face of adversity is the highest virtue. d. The only things worth living for are patriotism, sacrifices for others, and devotion to a common cause. ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: applied REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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7. Who was given the nickname “Cynic,” and lived a self-sufficient, publicly outrageous life? a. Antisthenes b. Gorgias c. Diogenes d. Epicurus ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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8. Who preferred naturalistic explanations to supernatural ones and earned the title, “Destroyer of Religion”? a. Antisthenes b. Gorgias c. Diogenes d. Epicurus ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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9. Hedonism, according to Epicurus, is: a. pleasure in having one’s basic needs satisfied and avoiding pain b. avoiding pain at all costs c. seeking extreme pleasure d. attaining a relationship with a higher power ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: conceptual REFERENCES: After Aristotle |
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10. For the ____, courage in the face of danger was considered the highest virtue. a. Neoplatonist b. Epicurean c. Stoic d. Cynic ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: factual REFERENCES: Philosophy in Rome |
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